2022. N 3
Social problems of modern migration policy
The concept of transnational and translocal migration as a relevant theoretical framework for the analysis of the "digitalization" of migrants ethnic networks
The article analyzes the key ideas of the concept of transnational and translocal migration. It is noted that the objectivity and depth of studying the process of digitalization of ethnic diasporas of migrants is possible only when relying on a relevant sociological research paradigm. It was revealed that the virtual ethnocommunities of migrants can be adequately thematized mainly in the theoretical framework of the concepts of transnationalism and translocality. It is emphasized that such properties of new communication as the possibility of creating multiple identities, overcoming locality, the network principle of construction versus vertical bureaucratic, the growth of collaboration opportunities due to the reduction of interaction costs in the course of interaction, are equally relevantly characterized as Internet communication on online social media platforms. and the phenomena of translocality and transnational migration.
The beginning of studying migration in Russia: search for the Russian Ravenstein
The paper discusses the problem associated with the possibility of the emergence of a Russian school of migration studies in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, similar to the one founded by the English classic of migration studies Ernst Georg Ravenstein. The article analyzes the works of Russian researchers of migration in the early 20th century. The results of the researches of that time are analyzed taking into account the social and political context. The key questions that the authors seek to answer are: Is it possible to speak of the existence of a Russian school of migration studies? Were there contextual conditions for the emergence of the “Russian Ravenstein” in Russia at the end of the 19th century and the USSR at the beginning of the 20th century?
Sociology of Labor and Management
The structure of value orientations of the personality of construction employees in the oil and gas industry
The regulatory function of value orientations in professional activity is revealed. The analysis of the structure of value orientations of the personality of workers in the field of construction of the oil and gas industry was carried out. The results of diagnostics of value orientations of the personality of employees are presented; determined to what extent they coincide with the professional system of values; it has been established which value orientations regulate or, conversely, disorganize professional activity. Targeted recommendations have been developed on the value regulation of professional activity for industry leaders and employees.
Analysis of the structure of value-motivational meanings in activities using factor analysis
The article presents the results of a theoretical and empirical analysis of the structure of terminal and instrumental value-motivational meanings. Based on the data obtained as a result of the survey (N200, 2022), a factor analysis was carried out, which made it possible to identify latent generalized variables that include a number of primary meanings. The elements within each group are interconnected and can be considered as a single vector of influence on the behavior of an individual or group. Understanding the structure of latent factors in the semantic system of a person makes it possible to clarify the interpretation of the content of metameanings that destine human behavior in a particular external context and improve the diagnostic tools on the basis of which a research dialogue is built between a sociologist and respondents in the process of “understanding” the terminal and instrumental meanings of social action.
Motivational factors of applicants' professional choice as the basis of the university's communication strategy
The article deals with issues related to communications between universities and applicants and students in order to increase their motivation for the educational process and professional self-determination. The author substantiates the necessity of studying the characteristics of the young generation, their requests when interacting with universities, the factors that influenced their choice, their degree of satisfaction and expectations. That allows starting an effective communication strategy.
Employee Net Promoter Score as a basis for determining the level of loyalty
The article considers one of the qualitative characteristics of the company`s personnel, namely loyalty, in conjunction with the staff satisfaction index, which allows measuring the level of loyalty. The main metrics of measuring loyalty are given, as well reasons and factors influencing the dynamics of its change. The role of pure loyalty as the main indicator of the company`s attractiveness for internal and external customers is highlighted.
Sociology of the digital environment
Digital methods in sociological research
The article is devoted to the analysis of digital research methods in sociological science. Based on statistical data and a literature review, the article describes the influence of the “fourth paradigm” on sociological research methods and defines the role of big data in sociological research.
The article will be useful to practicing sociologists, analysts and teachers.
Antropomorphizing artificial intelligence technologies in the age of artificial sociality: the case of Replika
The paper discusses the problem of anthropomorphizing artificial intelligence technologies that are active participants and mediators in social interactions. The authors consider the Replika app that was designed to serve as a “virtual friend”. Mechanisms of anthropomorphizing Replika are compared to those of a personal laptop. The key question that the authors seek to answer is: how do the characteristics of interaction between the user and the technology affect whether the technology is anthropomorphized or not?
Application of Data Fusion methodology in media measurements of TV ratings
The presented article is devoted to the theoretical and methodological description of the DATA FUSION panel used in media measurements of rating indicators of television viewing by the TV audience. This tool for fixing rating indicators (rating, coverage, share, matching index (affinity), average viewing time, etc.) is used in modern sociological media research to obtain representative audience data on television consumption. In terms of structure and content, the DATA FUSION panel is an integrated array of empirical "big" data (BIG DATA) of STB set-top boxes (set-top boxes) and empirical indicators of a TV panel (panel volume - 600 households representing the urban population of the Republic of Belarus), equipped with people metric (PM) devices for fixing television viewing. This panel allows, on the one hand, to clarify and supplement the audience data obtained by means of pilmeters (passive audience measurement device), on the other hand, to endow with socio-demographic characteristics "big data" (BIG DATA) provided by set-top boxes (approximately 2,000,000 ZALA set-top boxes , "Beltelecom"). In these contexts, the purpose of this article is a conceptual analysis of the mechanism for implementing the methodological tools of the DATA FUSION panel in the media dimensions of television. The object of research interest is the DATA FUSION panel as a tool for fixing TV viewing ratings. The presented article describes the concept of methodological tools of the DATA FUSION panel, which is used in test mode by the research company MediaMeter (Minsk, Republic of Belarus) when fixing the rating indicators of the Belarusian television audience.
Sociology of Social Relations
Self-determination of organizational culture in the mind of professional-qualification and status groups of employees of industrial enterprises
The article theoretically and empirically proves the objectivization of the processes of formation of various types of enterprises organizational culture: role-playing, domineering, active, individualistic, innovative and adaptive. The social indicators of the choice by the collective of enterprises of the type of organizational culture and its influence on the professional and social activities of various professional, qualification and status groups of workers are determined. It is proved that self-determination of employees in choosing and adherence to the type of organizational culture contributes to the concretization of labor achievements in solving socially significant tasks.
Labor potential of women employed in public service structures: implementation possibilities
The article reveals the role and importance of the labor potential of employees in the system of strategic personnel management. The factors of the internal and external environment (information and communication, technical and technological, organizational, economic) affecting the possibilities of realizing the labor potential of employees of the organization are identified. The specificity of the influence of these factors on the possibilities of realizing the labor potential of a state civil servant is shown. The causes of gender asymmetry of employees in public service structures are revealed. The advantages of the system of comprehensive assessment of public civil servants are formulated both for the employees of the civil service structures themselves and for the structural units using the labor of these employees.
Human dimension in Russian-Kazakhstan relations – issues of image management
Abstract. Russia and Kazakhstan have been the main allies in the region during the entire post-Soviet period, the example of close good neighborly relations. To study the role of people in a country's relations, the analytical model including socio-structural, behavioral and image components is suggested. The model is empirically evaluated using comparative data of several cross-national surveys – Post-Soviet Trends, Eurasian Monitor and World Values Survey. The image of Kazakhstan among the Russian public lacks multidimensionality and is limited to the perception of the country as a political ally and friendly neighbor. The image of Russia in Kazakhstan includes strong emotional and cognitive components, and is strengthened by high interest in this country. Personal ties of Russians and Kazakhstanians are less intensive and close as it may be expected; general interaction of population is asymmetrical and uni-directed in many aspects. Although current Russia and Kazakhstan bilateral relations are friendly and close, they are also fragile and can suffer from the risk of potential conflicts. The analysis showed that the image components of both countries are formed spontaneously and it is not supported by the systematic efforts and policies in image-building.
Social mechanism of formation of an effective management system of social protection of the population of the Altai Republic
The article discusses various approaches to the definition of "mechanism", "mechanism of the social protection system", "mechanism of formation of the social protection management system". The fundamentals of the formation of the social protection management system at the regional level, in particular in the Altai Republic, are revealed. Probable directions of activity are proposed, which together represent a social mechanism for the formation of an effective social protection management system, implying legal, organizational and economic activities. It is noted that the social mechanism of the formation of the social protection management system in the region contributes to its effectiveness only if the contradictions in the interaction between the subject and the object of the social protection management system are taken into account, since this affects the degree of distribution of their powers and responsibilities and, ultimately, determines the nature of the functioning of the entire holistic system management of social protection of the population of the region.
The role of social diagnostics of the communication potential of the staff of medical institutions
The article substantiates the significance of the development of communications in the «doctor-patient» format as a possible tool for improving the efficiency of medical institutions. The role of soft skills, communication skills of medical workers, their impact on the satisfaction of consumers of medical services, i.e. patients are presented. It is noted how digitalization and an overabundance of information contribute to the emergence of problems in the field of healthcare and affect the reputation of a medical organization. To assess the current state and possible correction of the communication potential of medical institutions the use a tool such as social diagnostics is proposed.
Research of social risks in the activities of public movements
The article theoretically and empirically studies social risks in the activities of social movements in the urban agglomeration of St. Petersburg. As a result, the most significant social risks of manipulation of consciousness, the attitude of participants in social movements to risks were established, the composition of risks and possible ambivalent consequences were determined. The implementation of social monitoring to study risks is substantiated. A survey was conducted of participants and leaders of social movements of the urban agglomeration for their attitude to risks.
Social development of teams - a strategic choice of activities of enterprises and organizations
The article analyzes the processes of transformation of the strategic choice of enterprises and organizations in modern conditions. Theoretically and empirically, the priorities of the social development of various professional, qualification and status groups of employees are determined. Attention is drawn to the factor of social requirements of employees directly involved in the programs of scientific, technical and socio-economic transformations of the sphere of labor application. Empirically identified organizational shortcomings in the activities of enterprises and organizations and possible achievements as a result of the implementation of measures for the social development of teams.
Adaptation of first-year students to study at the University of Megapolis (on the example of a survey of students of the Faculty of Economics and Finance of St. Petersburg State University of Economics)
The article is devoted to the adaptation of first-year students to study at the University of megapolis. The process of adaptation to learning is considered in a broad sense, including not only adaptation to the academic environment of the university, but also entry into other environments (social, cultural, economic, etc.), systems of relations, as well as the adoptation of a new level of personal responsibility.. In this case, a large number of conditions and factors affecting the adaptation of first-year students are taken into account: the level of pre-university training; motivation for choosing a university and specialty; features of studying at the university; personal characteristics; development of household skills and self-service basics; financial situation and level of education of the family; previous territory of residence (local or visitor). In fact, these factors are the difficulties that first–year students have at the beginning of their studies. Depending on the path chosen by a first-year student to overcome difficulties, we can talk about the degree of success of adaptation and the possible consequences of the choice for the student in the future.
School for young researchers
Risks in the social sphere: analysis of regional non-profit organizations
The article presents a general picture of non-profit organizations in Russia and identifies potential risks for non-profit organizations in the social sphere, which may affect the provision of social services to the population. Based on the results of empirical data, practical recommendations for non-profit organizations have been developed.
Organizational development of advertising activities and social practices
The article draws attention to the processes of organizational development of advertising activities, the social orientation of advertising agencies in the production of goods and services, the definition of consumer preferences. A social assessment of the population reactions to the availability of goods and services in the consumer market is carried out.
The paradox of choice on the example of studying a dating app
These days, the paradox of choice is becoming more common. Initially, this was traced mainly in the commercial field. The development of production led to the fact that consumers, having more choice, did not become more satisfied. As for dating apps, more than 300 million people use such services every month. But does the abundance of alternatives really make users happier? It is safe to say that the question of the paradox of choice on dating apps is quite relevant in the modern world.
Keywords the paradox of choice, the illusion of choice, the theory of the dual process of thinking, the excess of choice, dating, dating apps.
Forming a cross-functional team through the application of a competence-based approach
Agile methodologies are increasingly being used in management practices aimed at effective work and project implementation, which actualizes research aimed at developing competency models for the formation of a cross-functional team. In this regard, the article is devoted to the formation of cross-functional teams through the use of a competency-based approach. The article will be useful to hr-specialists, students and teachers in the direction of personnel management.